f(x,y) = sin(x + y)  (3D Cartesian Coordinate System)



(3D Polar Coordinate System)


Polar function r(t) = t as it revolves around the x-axis.  The computed volume is marked in red lines.



(3D Parametric Coordinate System)




(2D Cartesian Coordinate System)




(2D Polar Coordinate System)




(2D Parametric Coordinate System)



Polar Coordinate System: Computing first derivative, second derivative, area, length of the curve, etc.




Parametric Coordinate System: Computing first derivatives, second derivatives, area, length, etc.